Thanks, Colin 🙏 I think the key differences here... 1/ The type of training that you're talking about has a neural emphasis where the aim is to improve recruitment (across all fiber types) *without* increasing size. In this way, it has the opposite effect on economy to what

Hey Alan Couzens Iñaki de la Parra Happy Christmas! Thanks for sharing throughout the year. May whatever you believe bring you happy holidays and make your best dreams come true! Cheers!

Nice read. It is encouraging to see more of us speaking openly about the potential harmful effects of GLP-1 agonists on many people. medpagetoday.com/opinion/second…

this is shocking: > US collects $2.4T in income tax, but spends $1.5T on fraud > if we didn't have to pay for fraud, only $900b would need to be collected > this means anyone with less 500k in income could pay *literally $0* in income tax we don't need to raise taxes. we

1/ The Molecular Clash: mTOR vs. AMPK Your cells operate on specific signaling pathways. Lifting triggers mTOR: The "growth" switch for protein synthesis and hypertrophy. Cardio triggers AMPK: The "energy" switch for mitochondrial biogenesis and efficiency. These pathways are

Most people get this backwards. I’ve been saying this for years together with Alan Couzens and now the GOAT kilian jornet puts it in the simplest possible way. 1) First creat work capacity = oxidation, real metabolic engine flexibility 2) Second ensure absorption = gut capacity,

New Alzheimer’s mechanism uncovered 🧠🔬 Excess brain lactate doesn’t just reflect disease. It chemically modifies Tau through lactylation, making tau more toxic. -Lactate attaches to tau (K331 site) via the enzyme p300 which leads to: 1) Tau becomes hyperphosphorylated

I have been quietly studying brain metabolism for a decade. The more I learn, the clearer it becomes to me that neuroscience was built around electrophysiology, synapses, neurotransmitters, circuits and behavior. However, Metabolism was treated as background housekeeping, not

Tumors do not escape immunity through a single checkpoint. Our latest study: 👇 Chronic lactate, as a consequence of dysregulated tumor metabolism, rewires the immune landscape and drives a coordinated, multi-checkpoint defense. This helps explain why single PD-1/PD-L1

x.com/i/article/2021…

Humans are obligate carnivores. See the omega-3 and vitamin B12 items in that chart. Only animal foods have what we need. That doesn't mean we should eat nothing but meat, but it does mean we have to eat some meat (milk is a meat-substitute). The only natural populations we

Muscle damage impairs muscle glycogen synthesis. While GLUT-4 content remains unchanged, glycogen content takes several days to recover post-muscle damage. The hypothesis is that glucose is used for muscle repair and therefore bot stored. When muscles are repaired completely

Injuries are just your body's way of telling you that you don't know what you're doing.

Great message from Marcus Aurelius reminding us to guard our thoughts. If our thoughts are filled with resentment, fear, envy or bitterness, those impressions slowly shape our character. They become our emotional baseline. Over time they define how we see the world and who we

“Application: I need 10.000 Marks”. That’s how RO1 applications looked for the great Otto Warburg.

“in defense of state capitalism”

Working on a new article for my Substack. Those of us working with elite athletes have relied on our good old friend VO₂max for decades. It’s essential, but it’s not the full picture. Now that VO₂max has re-emerged in the world of longevity, it’s worth remembering that

Seeing Iñaki de la Parra come into his best shape since he won his Ultraman World Championship - and looking at his avg HR over the past year - is a great reminder for all of us… You don't have to train hard to get very fit! You need consistent low-intensity aerobic work!

The lactate story. The Most Misunderstood Molecule in Human Physiology. Coming up tomorrow on Substack inigosanmillan.substack.com

A few important points on #FatOxidation in this discussion: 1/ You don't need to be in ketosis to burn a lot of fat. I have tested athletes eating 500g/d of carbs at 10 kcal/min+ and 800-1000g/d at 7+ kcal/min. 2/ Having high fat burning &, more importantly, metabolic