(1/4) Uterine Stromal Tumors #1: Low-Grade Endometrial Stromal Sarcoma (LG-ESS) • Gross appearance - “bag of worms” • Low-grade cellularity resembling proliferative endometrial stroma • Tongue-like invasion of myometrium • Frequent vascular invasion #GYNpath

C-REACTIVE PROTEIN: Discovered-Tillett & Francis in1930. First identified as a substance in serum with acute inflammation that reacted with "C" carbohydrate Ab of capsule of pneumococcus. NSAIDs, Statins, Mg can⬇️; Obesity, insomnia, depression, smoking & DM can⬆️CRP. GrepMed

CELIAC DISEASE AKA Non-tropical sprue & gluten-sensitive enteropathy. Have 2x risk of developing CAD & 4x risk of developing small bowel ca. Dermatitis herpetiformis occurs in 25% of pts & is more common in men. IgA TTG is >92% sensitive & specific >99% have HLA DQ2, DQ8, or both

Hemothorax➡️pleural fluid with Hct of ≥50% of peripheral🩸Hct; & RBC of >100,000cells/µl is➡️hemorrhagic pleural effusion. Each hemithorax can hold ~40% circulating🩸Volume. About 400-500mL of🩸may only obliterate costo-phrenic📐 & ~1000mL🩸may be missed on portable supine CXR.

PLATELETS George Gulliver-1841, drew first pictures. Lionel Beale-1864, first to publish drawing. Max Schultze-1865, called them "spherules". Giulio Bizzozero-1882, 'piastrine: little plates'. William Osler-1886, third corpuscle & blood plaque; "a colorless protoplasmic disc".

Mentzer Index=MCV/RBC count (Sen & Sp of 91 & 83% for IDA; 83 & 91% for βTT) RDW=Measures variability of red cell volume/size. RDW-CV (%)=1 SD of RBC volume/MCVx100% Reticulocyte Index (RI)=Retic ct x Hct / Normal Hct RPI=RI/Maturation correction RPI=Retic ct x Hb/Normal Hb x 0.5

PT & aPTT Factor XIII :PT & aPTT ↔️ Factor XII :PT↔️, aPTT⬆️ Factor XI :PT↔️, aPTT ⬆️ Factor X :PT & aPTT ⬆️ Factor IX :PT↔️, aPTT⬆️ Factor VIII :PT↔️, aPTT⬆️ Factor VII :PT⬆️; aPTT↔️ Factor V :PT & aPTT⬆️ Factor V & VIII :PT & aPTT⬆️ Factor II/Fibrinogen :PT & aPTT ⬆️ ↔️=NORMAL

Keith Siau Degree of liver dysfxn is an important predictor of variceal🩸. Child classification is an index of liver dysfxn based upon serum albumin, bilirubin, PT, ascites & encephalopathy. High score is associated with a higher likelihood of variceal🩸. Did you mean Hb 5.5 and Bil 2.0?

Pemphigus vulgaris (PV): 👉An autoimmune, intraepithelial, blistering disease affecting the skin and mucous membranes. 👉Mediated by circulating autoantibodies against keratinocyte cell surfaces. 👉Drug-Induced PV: Penicillamine Captopril NSAID’s Penicillin Cephalosporins

👉FALSE low A1C: * CKD * Blood Transfusion * High altitude * Hemorrhage * Cirrhosis * Pregnancy * Sickle cell 👉FALSE high A1C: * ⬆️TG * Organ transplant * IDA * Thalassemia * B12 deficiency * Certain meds - immunosuppressant & protease inhibitors.

Summary of sinonasal tumors including WHO 2022 updates. #whoupdate #who #histopathology #oncopathology #neetssoncopathology #frcpathpart1histopathology #histology #molecular #molecularpathology #iniss #histopathologists #pathologymcq #pathboards #molecularbiology #cytogenetics

Types of intestinal metaplasias at a glance

Types of renal tumors and their characteristic features from : sciencedirect.com/science/articl…. #pathtwitter #pathologymcq #renaltumors #renal #nephropath #urogenital #frcpath #neetssoncopath

How do we use and interpret immunohistochemical stains in lymph node evaluations in hematopathology? Here is a summary table I prepared which I hope will be useful, especially for beginners! #PathEd #MedEd

#GIPath Updated protocol DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2023.08.005

I just updated my notes on "Soft tissue tumors" for my teaching website, "Kurt's Notes" (kurtsnotes.net). 🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬🔬 Full notes available here: schaberg.faculty.ucdavis.edu/wp-content/upl…

Issued in public interest

Illustration of Various Abnormal Cells in Cervico-Vaginal Smears 🔬 link.springer.com/article/10.100…

🧬 Solid Variant of Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma (SVPTC) 📖 Definition The solid variant of papillary thyroid carcinoma (SVPTC) is a rare subtype of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC), defined by the presence of a solid, trabecular, or insular architecture in more than 50% of the