Carnot groped for entropy, Clausius found entropy, Boltzmann discovered what entropy is, and Gibbs made entropy useful.

Gibbs published two short papers and a long one on thermodynamics.

Some years ago, I posted a long review on the two short papers.
amazon.com/gp/review/R1FL…

Tracy has just sent a photo from Yale

Josiah Willard Gibbs
1839-1903

Sunday, Massachusetts, 49 F
It’ll be a rainy day, the weather app says.

The craze for artificial intelligence of computers should not distract us from authentic intelligence of octopus—and us.

A tip from a friend made me search YouTube for “octopus intelligence”.

Watch this example—
youtu.be/ewNhL2esBqQ?si…

Kirigamy

Agreed. A PhD-level course aims to teach research methods. Fracture mechanics offers numerous teaching moments.

How did Griffith come up with the hypothesis that strength of a material is lowered by flaws?

How did he test the hypothesis?

What are historical circumstances?

Artificial beauty predates artificial intelligence.

Saturday afternoon, 50 F.
New England suburb

Like Artificial Intelligence, Artificial Nature is beautiful in its own right.

Her dad hates shrimp. “Bugs from sea,” he said.

These are the people student protestors in the U.S. want to boycott. If they embraced dialogue instead of boycotts they might discover they have more in common with Israelis than they realize.

Best wishes to you Sammy Hassan for a new beginning of a happy life and fulfilling career!

📣 Attention: Today, AASF launches our Youth Ambassador for Science competition! During AANHPI Heritage Month, create impactful videos highlighting Asian American scientists' contributions, and students could even win a prize. Details: aasforum.org/video-competit…

Join us in congratulating AASF members inducted into National Academy of Sciences. We're proud of Drs. Gang Chen & Xihong Lin's achievements. Congrats to the newly inducted #NASmembers !