CH 27: China 🇨🇳 Shixin Ivy Zhang et al say that on one hand, mainstream media face challenges related to credibility + financial stability, with newspapers, radio + TV nearing collapse. On the other hand, digital media offer a dynamic mediated space, despite political censoring.

CHAPTER 29: India 🇮🇳 Deb Aikat notes that India's rapid ascent as one of the world's fastest-growing economies has been marred by notable setbacks in press freedom and democracy.

CHAPTER 30: Indonesia 🇮🇩 V. Sukmayadi looks at the historical aspect of the landscape + the rise of digital/social media. He discusses the opportunities/difficulties facing the sector + investigates the impact of technology + legislation on the evolution of the media environment

CH 31: Israel 🇮🇱 Amit Schejter says the landscape is under gvt attack + grapples w/ global + tech changes. W/o a regulatory body, industrial challenges are overlooked, making it difficult to sustain an independent media sector, leading to a rise in conglomeration + concentration

CHAPTER 32: Japan🇯🇵 Yosuke Buchmeier emphasizes the intricate connections between mainstream media, politics, and business in Japan, illustrating how these relationships weaken media independence and limit information diversity, despite constitutional guarantees of press freedom

CHAPTER 33: Lebanon 🇱🇧 Zahera Harb زاهرة حرب says that while the media scene in Lebanon is gloomy, it is not to be generalized. There still are journalists either individually or within their organization that are aware of their role in the public good.

CHAPTER 34: Philippines 🇵🇭 Carl Anacin and Earvin Charles B. Cabalquinto, PhD say that the landscape is shaped by diverse factors. Key domains of inquiry include politicization, celebrification, and transnationalization, all illuminating the complexity and paradox of the Philippine media landscape.

CHAPTER 35: United Arab Emirates 🇦🇪 @MohammadAyish says that the media system of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is shaped by a distinct combination of the country's conservative political stance, progressive sociocultural outlook, and liberal economic policies.

CHAPTER 36: Singapore 🇸🇬 Zhang Hao Goh, Matthew Chee Han Chew, and edson say that Singapore has a track record of proactively regulating traditional and emerging forms of media and communication, which has also elicited concerns over freedom of expression.

CHAPTER 37: Egypt 🇪🇬 @HananBadr says the landscape is paradox: its current state does not convey its long history + pioneering position in the Arab regime. Authoritarian containment, economic fragility, pronounced illiteracy + journalism declines block otherwise high potentials

CHAPTER 38: Ethiopia 🇪🇹 Téwodros Workneh highlights key turning points and present challenges within the Ethiopian media landscape and evaluates emerging and persistent trends that are likely to shape the Ethiopian media industry in the medium to long term.

CHAPTER 39: Kenya🇰🇪 Joy Kibarabara, Ph.D. + David Cheruiyot say that the landscape is characterized as vibrant, pluralistic, diverse + influential. This is supported by constitutional protections for press freedom, a wide variety of media outlets + high levels of internet connectivity.

CHAPTER 40: Namibia 🇳🇦 Admire Mare stresses that private media prioritize watchdog journalism, while public media are constrained by lapdog journalism. While media pluralism exists, the concentration of media ownership has impacted the achievement of true media diversity.

CHAPTER 41: Nigeria 🇳🇬 Adeyanju Apejoye + Bruce Mutsvairo explain that as the Nigerian media system continues to evolve, individuals + institutions are challenged to navigate this changing landscape responsibly while critically assessing the information they consume and share.

CHAPTER 42 South Africa🇿🇦 Herman Wasserman says the landscape benefits from const. guarantees, a prof. journalism community, robust investigative journalism + a society which protects the media from threats to interference + independence. But it also faces internal + external challenges

CHAPTER 43: Tunisia 🇹🇳 Carola Richter says there seems to be lacking consensus on how to regulate private media ownership + reform public media institutions. This has impacted journalistic culture, as many journalists fail to follow self-regulation mechanisms + ethical standards

CHAPTER 44: Australia 🇦🇺 @AljoshaKarim writes about Australia's especially concentrated media market. Two major conglomerates control the lion’s share of the market, which has inevitable consequences for the diversity of Australia’s media landscape.

CHAPTER 45: New Zealand 🇳🇿 MyllyMe says that despite the seeming diversity in media ownership, the segments of the media market have remained relatively concentrated, and as a whole, the market is both unregulated and financially unstable.