Spironolactone is a weak diuretic that often takes several days to start having a complete effect. It is often given alongside other diuretics, such as loop/thiazides, to enhance the diuretic effect and counter potassium loss.

Phenytoin is used to treat status epilepticus, generalized and focal seizures. It works by binding to sodium channels in their inactive state, prolonging that inactivity. Side effects include osteomalacia, skin coarsening, hirsutism, nystagmus, and purple glove syndrome.

Histamine Antagonists H1 Antagonism - allergy, hay fever, itch, hives etc. - Cetirizine - Levocetirizine - Loratadine - Desloratadine - Fexofenadine - Azelastine - Acrivastine H2 Antagonism - peptic ulcer disease, GERD - ranitidine - cimetidine - famotidine - nizatidine

Antidotes!!! ✅Activated charcoal - many oral toxins ✅Calcium chloride - black widow spider bites ✅Deferoxamine - iron ✅Flumazenil - benzodiazepines ✅Physostigmine - anticholinergics ✅Naloxone - opioids ✅Vit. K - warfarin ✅N-acetylcysteine - acetaminophen

☑️Fludrocortisone is a steroid that helps reduce inflammation in the body. Fludrocortisone is used to treat conditions in which the body does not produce enough of its own steroids, such as Addison's disease, and salt-losing adrenogenital syndrome.

☑️Pramipexole is used in the treatment of Parkinson's disease and restless legs syndrome. Only immediate-release pramipexole (Mirapex) is approved to treat either Parkinson symptoms or RLS. Extended-release pramipexole (Mirapex ER) is approved only to treat Parkinson symptoms.

💊Premarin tablets contain conjugated estrogens, a mixture of estrogen hormones. Premarin is used to treat menopause symptoms such as hot flashes and vaginal changes, and to prevent osteoporosis (bone loss) in menopausal women. Premarin must be avoided in pregnancy.

📌Methotrexate is typically taken once a week. To reduce the toxicity of MTX, patients take folic acid on a different day of the week.

((🌷اللهم نسألك البشارات التي نحب ، والأيام التي تسر ، والرحمات التي تتوالى علينا ، والعافية التي تنعم بها علينا ، والأمن والأمان على البلاد والعباد ، واليقين الذي يريح بالنا ، والطمأنينة التي تطمئن بها قلوبنا ، والسعادة التي لا تفارقنا ، بفضلك ورحمتك وكرمك يا أرحم الراحمين🌷)).

🤰 Tetracyclines bind to teeth and bones during fetal development, infancy, and early childhood and so should be avoided in pregnancy, breastfeeding, or in children under the age of 12-years.

⚠️Trimethoprim is contraindicated in the first trimester of pregnancy because, as a folate antagonist, it is associated with an increased risk of fetal abnormalities -- such as CV defects and oral clefts.

🏥Statin Brands! ✔️Lipitor ➡️atorvastatin ✔️Zocor ➡️simvastatin ✔️Mevacor / Altoprev ➡️lovastatin ✔️Crestor ➡️rosuvastatin ✔️Pravachol ➡️pravastatin ✔️Livalo, Zypitamag ➡️pitavastatin

💊Z-drugs Z-drugs are used in the short-term treatment of insomnia. 📍zolpidem 📍zopiclone 📍zaleplon 📍eszopiclone ⚙️Z-drugs are non-benzodiazepines that facilitate and enhance the binding of GABA to the GABA A receptor.

💊In patients with asthma, beta-blockers can cause life-threatening bronchospasm and so should be avoided.

➡️SHORT-ACTING BENZODIAZEPINES ATOM ✅Alprazolam ✅Temazepam ✅Oxazepam ✅Midazolam

• ﻻ حَـوْل وَلَا قُــوَّة إِلَّا بِاَلله الـعلـي الـعَـظِـيــمَ

Know the "eye" signs of drug abuse

How to win in life: - Read books - Do meditation - Learn new skills - Start exercising - Learn persuasion - Invest in yourself - Start a side hustle - Listen to podcasts - Learn combat skills - Stop watching porn - Hang with like-minded people

8 Quotes That Will Help You Become Mentally Strong: 1.

15 Unspoken Rules For Men: 1. Don’t lend money to your family. Give it.