The BRAF V600E point mutation leads to constitutive activation of BRAF kinase, resulting in a constant phosphorylation of MEK and downstream effectors of the MAPK.

BRAF V600E mutation is the prevailing mutation in PTC with classical histology and in the tall cell variant but is rare in follicular variant tumors.

The existence of the BRAF mutation in PTC has been linked with aggressive tumor biology such as advanced stage at presentation, extrathyroidal extension, recurrence, and lymph node or distant metastases.

Doctor Profile – Mount Sinai Medical Center – Rodrigo Arrangoiz MS, MD, FACS, FSSO Assistant Professor at the Columbia University Division of Surgical Oncology southfloridahospitalnews.com/doctor-profile…

April is designated as Head and Neck Cancer Awareness Month to raise awareness about this group of cancers and encourage early detection. This month focuses on educating the public about the risk factors, symptoms, and prevention strategies for head and neck cancers.

The initial step in the thyroid hormone synthesis pathway is iodide transport across the basolateral membrane, mediated by the Na+/I (NIS) symporter.

The Na+/I (NIS) symporter is a sodium-dependent transporter. So iodine is only transported with an inward sodium gradient, which is in turn maintained by the action of the Na-K-ATPase

The sodium iodide symporter (NIS) gene, also known as SLC5A5, encodes a protein that transports iodide into thyroid follicular cells. Mutations in the SLC5A5 gene can cause congenital iodide transport defects, leading to hypothyroidism.

The reason iodine is an essential human nutrient is due to its intrinsic role in the synthesis of thyroid hormones, namely, triiodothyronine (T3) and tetraiodothyronine (T4 ).

The crucial frst step for thyroid hormone biosynthesis is the active transport of iodine (I-) into the thyroid follicular cells.

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Rodrigo Arrangoiz MS, MD, FACS, FSSO Assistant Professor at the Columbia University Division of Surgical Oncology at Mount Sinai Medical Center arrangoizmd.com/introduction-i…

We finally know how fast breast cancers grow in patients while they await surgery (from pathologic tumor size, not just imaging/exam!, & the risk of upstaging from delay. Published in Annals of Surgical Oncology at bit.ly/3TURSCw .

July Parathyroid Awareness Month

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