How can scholarship overcome its dilemma, or, contradiction of postulating a single migration from Africa establishing all [ergo, related, like it or not] ancient cultures, yet also declare all ancient cultures to be 'unrelated' in the face of that obvious relatedness? Not easy.

The established scholarship is stating that all people on Earth derive & are related from that single migration long ago out of Africa to the rest of the world, as well as stating that all ancient cultures are "unrelated", i.e., without contact amongst themselves. Catch-22.

Wow, I'm getting all these "likes" from the same 'blocked' x-account.

Those people who migrated out of Africa most likely spoke the same language (if they had a language), & therefore, all languages today must come from that single language, meaning all languages must be 'related'. The single migration from Africa suggests a single mother tongue.

If scholarship suggests other 'mother' tongues derived from that original, singular 'mother' tongue coming out of Africa migration long ago, then one can use sub-mother tongues so to speak, but they all remain related without question; due to the main thesis (single migration).

Charles William Johnson I heavily disagree with anyone who'd preach that human language originated in black Africa. I speak Akan and I'm certain I don't see how it originated any other tongue. In fact, it's clearer that we've been using borrowed words for a long time.

Were the existence of us human beings here on this Earth as to fit into a single, all-encompassing thesis, somebody would have probably come up with that idea/fact long ago. Humans are highly creative & perspicacious no doubt. The complexities of it all may have us a bit stumped.

The scholarship problem stems from the idea that "ancient cultures are unrelated", without contact amongst themselves. How does one prove, in a physical sense, that there was no contact [a negative; absence of activity]? There are no examples; such a book would have blank pages.

If scholarship believes there was no contact between, say, ancient Mesoamerican cultures & other, say, contemporaneous ancient cultures of Asia, why bother telling others not to research the theme of possible contact; there are supposedly no possible examples of such anyway.

I remember as a young student being told "it is impossible to prove a negative". "A negative has no proof." A favorite example, over the years, how does one prove "a hamburger has no pickles",--- without proving that hamburger also does not have a zillion other things on it?

Linguistic correspondence comes to mind: BA = grave [Zapotec] BA (BABA) = tomb [Egyptian hieroglyphs] XIBALBA = underworld [Maya]

BA = grave [Zapotec] BA (BABA) = tomb [Egyptian hieroglyphs] XIBALBA = underworld [Maya] Pakal = Maya King, of Palenque, symbol = a turtle-shell shield Paqit = Tortoise/turtle shell, Egyptian hieroglyph = a turtle Now, what would examples of non-contact be? -Blank spaces.

On the other, only one example of linguistic correspondence proves 'contact'. Some kind of shared word usage.

Reckoning counts to Göbekli Tepe from the Great Pyramid, Egypt; from Teotihuacan pyramidal site, Mexico, &; from Stonehenge. One may consider the fractal multiples in terms of distance &/or time criteria for measurement. "To Göbeklitepe" as this site is the oldest of the these.

Great Circle Distances to Göbekli Tepe from | The Great Pyramid of Giza | the Ziggurat of Ur. GPS coordinates used as given commonly on the internet. Distances may vary according to varying selected GPS coordinates. Consider differences in next slide.

Great Circle Distances to Göbekli Tepe from | The Great Pyramid of Giza | the Ziggurat of Ur. GPS coordinates used as given commonly on the internet. Distances may vary according to selected GPS coordinates. The 360 count is the base fractal multiple.

Distances to Göbekli Tepe from the Great Pyramid of Giza & from the Ziggurat of Ur. The baseline of 360 count (distance/time). The ancients knew exactly where they were. Counts may vary according to the selected GPS coordinates. I used the ones commonly cited on the www.