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Skourtanioti et al 2024 preprint's Hunnic female individual (SMT013) from Georgia (4th c. AD) exihibits high East Asian affinity, sharing connection with two Huns from Hungary and one Oghuric sample from Szegvár-Oromdűlő (SZOD) cemetery (Oghuric-type, Avar-'period')

J2a-PH1795 (aka PH358) was a Bulan-Koby Saka paternal line in Altai that had turkified since ~400 AD in Kok-Pash (Turkic vector in Altai) / Bulan-koby (local Altai Saka) mixing event and spread dramatically in Shaz Turkic migrations as an important Shaz-Turkic/Göktürk line

Interesting incoming one-two years for Proto Turkic question. In short, PT question will finally have a 'EHG vs CHG'-like dichotomy, but in this case in form of ANA ancestries. And a question similar to PIE situation: "which side brought the language?"

McColl study new Early Period (200- 50 BC) Xiongnu samples from Tuva shows a sharp increase of East Asian ancestry in Tuva in Xiongnu period compared to Saka Uyuk period, marking how Saka Uyuk community were absorbed into expanding Xiongnu (Turkic) ethnicity.

Temporary. a not-yet-published Elite Xiongnu from Ulaanbaatar (Local Elite) shares the exact N-M2019 > A9408 > Y70200 Y-DNA with a Hun male from Tiszagyenda (THG), Hungary.

Elite Hun child from Poland Czulice (czu-002, ~%80 East Asian) yields N1a, he very likely has N-M2019 as well (similar to TGH Hun and Elite Xiongnu) if the sample had enough Y-chro resolution. N-M2019 shows a continuous eliteness among both Xiongnu and Huns.

There are a number of highly possible Khazar/Kabar individuals under Alan/Magyar label all dated to 9-10th century. At least in three cases Y-DNA traces back directly to Xiongnu. (Admixture run based on Saag 2025's model)

McColl 2025 new Saka samples from Uyuk Culture resemble previously published Eastern/Central Saka (Tasmola, Pazyryk, Uyuk) profiles: %40~50 Sintashta_MLBA %40~50 Khovsgol_LBA %5~10 BMAC

Dear Svenja Bonmann, in what parameter the European Huns that are best modelled (img : qpAdm) with 2/3 Slab-Grave-type ancestry and 1/3 Scytho-Siberian resemble modern day Kets (Yeniseian)? Get familiar with aDNA before making tangled linguistic theories.

B287 subclade of Q1b-L330 specifically belongs to Yeniseian speakers in both ancient and modern sense, as it is seen in several Glazkovo (presumably Proto Yeniseian) samples.

Following this impressive work and Baikal_EBA / Yeniseian link, it's worth to note DSKC (aka Khövsgöl_LBA) males are mostly carrier of Q1b-L330 > BZ181, cousin to Baikal_EBA branch (Q1b-L330 > B287) question, was DSKC as well a Yeniseian group or had different language?

and last part of the Q1b-L330 family is subclade BZ433, a paternal lineage common in Okunevo culture and with high frequency among Iron Age Scythian nomads (img credit : ftDNA)

ftDNA has uploaded the Khazar-like individual with ~60% EA labeled as Alan (Saltiv culture) with Xiongnu C2a clade (The Khazar elites from a 2021 study already score two C2a that quite likely also carry Xiongnu clade)

This is an updated version of all Xiongnu empire males (as of today) that have ancestry info, any sample beside from them are Y-STR and lacks ancestry input. Note: LateXiongnu_Sarmatian cluster are not native to Mongolia. (Model based on Jeong 2020)

As of today, 7 Xiongnu elite males have available Y-DNA data.

New Martin Sikora 2025 paper has released data of famous Altai Hunnic warrior (near village Kokorya, belongs to Kok-Pash culture) Sample RISE 603 , 300-500 AD Y-DNA : N-M2019>A9416 (found in Turkic samples and European Huns)

Among 23mofang Han testers from northern China, more than a half people (16) with C-Y10420 (aka Z30399) have surname Liu 刘姓, a surname used by Luandi elite in China. (Source : 23mofang C-Z30399 tree)

An attempt to reconstruct Ashina-related Y-DNAs? Ashina elite who settled in China chose Han surname Shi (史), today Han Chinese with Turkic-related Y-DNA and 史 surname are : (Img Source: 23mofang data)