Understanding OAuth 2.0

OAuth is an open standard that allows users to grant limited access to their data on one site to other sites or applications without exposing their passwords. It has become the backbone of secure authorization across the web and mobile apps.

𝗧𝗵𝗲…

A Visual Guide to CI/CD

𝗖𝗼𝗻𝘁𝗶𝗻𝘂𝗼𝘂𝘀 𝗜𝗻𝘁𝗲𝗴𝗿𝗮𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻 (𝗖𝗜) is a foundational practice in DevOps where developers frequently merge code changes into the main branch, often multiple times a day. This process is complemented by automated testing to ensure new…

How C++, Java, and Python Work Under the Hood?

Compiled languages like C++ and Go transform source code into machine code using a compiler before execution. The compiled machine code can then be directly executed by the CPU.

Java first compiles source code into bytecode, which…

Top Redis Use Cases

I've used Redis in production for almost a decade. It's reliable and easy to use (if used correctly). Here are my top 5 use cases where it shines:

1. Caching

The most common use case is to utilize Redis for caching. This helps protect the database layer…

HTTP/1 to HTTP/2 to HTTP/3

HTTP/1.0 was finalized in 1996. Every request to the same server requires a separate TCP connection which is expensive to establish.

HTTP/1.1 (1997) introduced 𝗽𝗲𝗿𝘀𝗶𝘀𝘁𝗲𝗻𝘁 𝗰𝗼𝗻𝗻𝗲𝗰𝘁𝗶𝗼𝗻𝘀, which allow a TCP connection to be reused for…

Why is PostgreSQL voted the 𝐦𝐨𝐬𝐭 𝐥𝐨𝐯𝐞𝐝 𝐝𝐚𝐭𝐚𝐛𝐚𝐬𝐞 by Stackoverflow Developer Survey?

The chart shows PostgreSQL's wide range of uses - it's a single database that covers nearly 𝐚𝐥𝐥 𝐭𝐡𝐞 𝐮𝐬𝐞 𝐜𝐚𝐬𝐞𝐬 developers need.

🔹OLTP (Online Transaction…

Choosing the Right Database

When deciding which type of database to use, it can be overwhelming to choose from the many available options. Here's a brief summary of some common database architectures and their use cases:

- Relational databases: These are versatile and can solve…

How To Release A Mobile App

The mobile app release process differs from traditional methods. Here is a simplified guide to the key stages:

1. Registration & Development (iOS & Android):
- Enroll as developer in Apple and Google programs to access tools and app stores
- Use…

Linux File Permission Illustrated

To understand Linux file permissions, we need to understand Ownership and Permission.

Ownership

Every file or directory is assigned three types of ownership:

🔹Owner: The owner is the user who created the file or directory.
🔹Group: A group…

Understanding the Linux File System Layout

The Linux file system was like a messy town. People built their houses wherever they wanted. But in 1994, a new guideline called the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard (FHS) was made. This helped organize the Linux file system.

FHS was like…

10 Good Coding Practices

1. Follow code specifications (e.g., 'PEP 8', 'Google Java Style') for consistent and readable code.

2. Document and comment code clearly and concisely, focusing on 'Why' rather than 'What'.

3. Write robust code that handles unexpected situations and…

Explaining 9 Types of API Testing

🔹 Smoke Testing
This is done after API development is complete. It simply validates if the APIs are working and nothing breaks.

🔹 Functional Testing
This creates a test plan based on the functional requirements and compares the results with…

What is SSO (Single Sign-On)?

Single Sign-On (SSO) is an authentication scheme that allows a user to log in to different systems using a single set of credentials. The diagram below illustrates how SSO works.

Step 1: A user visits Gmail. Gmail finds the user is not logged in…

Cookie Basics 🍪

At its core, HTTP is stateless - each request/response cycle stands on its own, with the server forgetting everything after responding. But often we need to remember things between requests, like user logins or shopping carts. That's where cookies come in.…

System design cheat sheet

It includes 15 core concepts. Save it for future reference!

🔹 Requirement gathering
🔹 System architecture
🔹 Data design
🔹 Domain design
🔹 Scalability
🔹 Reliability
🔹 Availability
🔹 Performance
🔹 Security
🔹 Maintainability
🔹 Testing
🔹 User…

MVC, MVP, MVVM, MVVM-C, and VIPER

So, let's talk about these software architecture patterns. Each one offers a different approach to organize your code and keep things clean and tidy.

MVC - the OG
This classic pattern divides your app into three parts: Model (the data), View…

Top 12 Tips for API Security

- Use HTTPS
- Use OAuth2
- Use WebAuthn
- Use Leveled API Keys
- Authorization
- Rate Limiting
- API Versioning
- Whitelisting
- Check OWASP API Security Risks
- Use API Gateway
- Error Handling
- Input Validation

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Top 6 Firewall Use Cases

Firewalls are essential for protecting networks and controlling access to services.

- Port-based rules restrict services to only allow traffic on specific ports, like HTTP/HTTPS traffic on ports 80/443.

- IP address filtering defines an explicit…

How Databases Execute SQL Statements?

The process of SQL execution in a database involves several components interacting together. While the specific architecture can vary between different database systems, the following steps describe a common sequence of operations.

1. A SQL…

What is Kubernetes?

Kubernetes (k8s) is a container orchestration system for deploying and managing containers. Its design is influenced by Google's internal cluster management system Borg.

A k8s cluster consists of worker machines called nodes that run containerized…